When cytoplasmic catecholamine concentrations rise to levels that threaten to saturate both VMAT2 sequestration and mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO) degradation pathways, the reversal of plasma membrane transporters provides a vital escape route (Underhill et al., 2021)
DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2009.02.020
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Results: During the study period from January 2021 to January 2023, 687 EVL patients were included, of which 108 were for acute bleeding, 204 underwent prophylactic EVL, and the remaining patients had repeat EVL for variceal eradication