In a 2001 study published in Endocrinology , Heffernan and colleagues reported that chronic AOD-9604 administration reduced body weight gain, decreased adipose tissue mass, and increased fat oxidation in obese mice without altering IGF-1 levels or glucose metabolism effects that were abolished in beta3 adrenergic receptor (3-AR) knockout mice, implicating 3-AR signaling as the mechanism of action [1]
2020;45(S1):1727
Seven more are expected in 2026
Support in weight loss efforts
This matters because it shows how researchers expand the endpoint set depending on population and protocol: weight endpoints remain central, while glycaemic endpoints are included when the population and study design require them
While preclinical studies, primarily in animal models 17,18 , suggest a potential beneficial effect of GLP-1 RAs on mood and behavior, the clinical evidence in humans remains unclear 19,20