No invasive techniques are used, and no anesthesia is required
Neomycin, colchicine, para-aminosalicylic acid, or excessive alcohol intake longer than two weeks may cause malabsorption of vitamin B12. Chloramphenicol and other drugs having bone marrow suppressant properties may cause a lack of therapeutic response to vitamin B12
From a pharmacokinetic perspective, topical GHK-Cu has a distinct advantage: it acts locally rather than systemically
Your liver does hold a reserve, which is part of why deficiency takes so long to show up and why correcting it is not instant either
Monitoring recommendations: Baseline investigations: Full blood count, B12 level, folate, and intrinsic factor antibodies (if pernicious anaemia suspected) During initial treatment: Potassium monitoring in severe deficiency (risk of hypokalaemia) Follow-up: Repeat full blood count after 8 weeks to confirm haematological response Long-term: Annual review to ensure compliance with maintenance injections
It is not considered a vitamin because your body is unable to synthesize it